Total change
For positive starting equity E₀ and ending equity Eₙ, total change is Eₙ / E₀ − 1. It measures the endpoint change in a comparable, appropriately adjusted sequence.
Total change (%) = (E[n] / E[0] − 1) × 100 Days = (last UTC date − first UTC date) / 86,400,000 CAGR (%) = ((E[n] / E[0])^(365 / Days) − 1) × 100
Annualization with an explicit convention
CAGR uses actual elapsed calendar days and a fixed 365-day year. It is not the arithmetic mean of returns and does not forecast future performance. The teaching sequence 100 to 121 across 730 days gives a 10% CAGR. Values with magnitude above 1,000,000,000,000% or outside finite numeric range are not displayed.
Peak[t] = max(E[0], …, E[t]) Drawdown[t] (%) = (1 − E[t] / Peak[t]) × 100 Sampled maximum drawdown = max(Drawdown[t])
Sampled drawdown and dates
The tool shows decline as a positive percentage. For the teaching values 100, 120, 90, 121, the peak-to-trough decline from 120 to 90 is 25%. If several troughs tie for the maximum, the first occurrence is recorded. Repeated equal peaks retain the earliest peak date. A non-decreasing sequence has 0% sampled drawdown and no drawdown interval.
What a sampled result leaves out
Unobserved intraperiod losses may be larger. Unequal sampling intervals are permitted and flagged; chart spacing follows actual dates. No interpolation, cost deduction, flow adjustment, benchmark comparison or trade-level statistics are performed.
A reproducible record
Exports include observations, basis declarations and calculation version. JSON reimport recomputes results. This arithmetic check establishes consistency with the supplied sequence, not the provenance or reliability of the underlying data.